Indian Institute of Technology Madras
BS Degree Programme · Examination & Study Paper
Machine Learning Techniques
End Term · 22 Dec 2024 (Afternoon)
Examination Instructions & Guidelines
- Solve on notebook/paper first before checking solutions.
- MCQ: Exactly 1 option is correct. Negative marking applies.
- MSQ: One or more options correct. Select all to score.
- NAT: Numerical response. No negative marking.
- Scientific calculator allowed for all calculations.
- Official answer key is sealed at the end of this sheet.
- Q1NAT2 Marks·Write the number
NOTE: Enter the answer correct to one decimal placeYour answer: - Q2NAT3 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q3NAT3 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q4NAT3 Marks·Write the number
Consider a logistic regression model trained to detect spam emails. Emails containing harmful phishing links are labeled as spam (1), while regular emails are labeled as not spam (0). A good spam detector should correctly identify almost all emails with phishing links. Even a single phishing email incorrectly classified as not spam could expose users to significant risks. However, the detector may classify some regular emails as spam. This trade-off is acceptable to ensure safety. To ensure user safety, if the threshold is set to a low value to prioritize the detection of phishing emails, type 1. If the threshold is set to a high value to minimize false positives (misclassifying regular emails as spam), type 0.
Your answer: - Q5MSQ3 Marks·Choose all correct options
Select the correct statements from the following for k-means algorithm:
- AIn k-means algorithm, all cluster initializations lead to the same result.
- Bk-means algorithm is sensitive to outliers.
- COne initialization may converge while another may not.
- DThe initialization of cluster centres may affect the number of iterations k- means takes to converge.
- Q6MSQ3 Marks·Choose all correct options

- ACurve (A) represents the training loss.
- BCurve (B) represents the training loss.
- CCurve (A) represents the validation loss.
- DCurve (B) represents the validation loss.
- Q7MCQ4 Marks·Choose one option

- A

- B

- C

- D

- A
- Q8MCQ4 Marks·Choose one option

- A

- B

- C

- D

- A
Read the passage below, then answer Q9–Q11
Q9NAT2 Marks·Write the number
Your answer:- Q10NAT2 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q11NAT2 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q12NAT5 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q13MCQ3 Marks·Choose one option

- A

- B

- C

- D

- E

- A
- Q14MCQ3 Marks·Choose one option
Which of the following options are not correct? Select all that apply.
- AUnderfitted models generally have less bias and high variance.
- BA decision tree with the maximum possible length may lead to overfitting.
- CWeak learners are those whose performance is slightly better than the random classifier.
- DAll the estimators in bagging can be trained parallelly.
- Q15MCQ2 Marks·Choose one option
If we remove all the non-support vectors from the dataset, what will be the impact on the model using SVM algorithm?
- AModel will overfit.
- BThe model will not be changed.
- CModel will underfit.
- DAccuracy of the model will increase.
- Q16MCQ2 Marks·Choose one option
In each round of AdaBoost, the weight for a particular training observation is decreased from round t to round t + 1 if the observation was:
- Aclassified incorrectly by the weak learner trained in the round.
- Bclassified correctly by the weak learner trained in the round.
- Cclassified incorrectly by a majority of the weak learners trained up to the round.
- Dclassified correctly by a majority of the weak learners trained up to the round.
- Q17MCQ1 Mark·Choose one option
Is the following statement true or false? For a fixed size of the training and the test set, increasing the complexity of the model always leads to an increment in the test error.
- ATrue
- BFalse
Read the passage below, then answer Q18–Q22
Q18NAT0.5 Marks·Write the number
Your answer:- Q19NAT0.5 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q20NAT0.5 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q21NAT0.5 Marks·Write the number
Your answer: - Q22MSQ1 Mark·Choose all correct options
Which of the following is correct ?
- A

- B

- C

- D

- A